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Start and Stop
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- Emacs is located in /usr/bin or
/usr/local/bin on any sane system. This of course
means that it is located in /usr/local/gnu on the
CS network.
- To start emacs:
romulus: [~] emacs
or
romulus: [~] emacs filename1 filename2 ...
or
romulus: [~] emacs -nw
or
romulus: [~] emacs -nw filename1 filename2 ...
- To stop emacs:
ctrl-x ctrl-c
- To cancel whatever you are doing:
ctrl-g
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Files
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- To open a file within emacs:
ctrl-x ctrl-f
- To save the current file:
ctrl-x ctrl-s
- To save the current file with a new name (Windows: Save As...):
ctrl-x ctrl-w
- To save ALL open files:
ctrl-x s
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Buffers
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- Don't quit! If you learn how to read in multiple files
into buffers in Emacs, you should never have to quit Emacs
anymore, except at logout.
- Switching to the next buffer is faster than starting a
fresh Emacs session, and you still have your files around,
cursor positioned at the point where you left off, et
cetera.
- To switch buffers using a buffer list:
ctrl-x ctrl-b
- To switch buffers by name:
ctrl-x b
- To kill a buffer:
ctrl-x k
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Help
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- A tutorial for beginners featuring hands-on learning:
ctrl-h t
- The info system (hypertext man pages):
ctrl-h i
On an info menu screen use:
- m - select the current option/link
- p - go back to the previous page
- n - go forward to the next page
- t - go to the top of the page
- q - quit (or just kill the info buffer)
- For an overview of the predefined key bindings (commands):
ctrl-h b
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Moving Around
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- For normal movement use the arrow keys. There is no
beep mode.
- Go to the beginning of a line:
ctrl-a
- Go to the end of a line:
ctrl-e
- Go to the beginning of a function:
ctrl-meta-a
- Go to the end of a function:
ctrl-meta-e
- Go to the beginning of the buffer:
meta-<
- Go to the end of the buffer:
meta->
- To go directly to a specific line number:
ESC-g
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Editing Text
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- Emacs has two text editing modes: insert mode and
overwrite mode. Use the insert key to switch between them.
- Emacs doesn't believe in the delete key use:
ctrl-d
- To kill a line (from the cursor to the end of line):
ctrl-k
- To paste a recently killed block (emacs calls paste yank):
ctrl-y
- Undo!
ctrl-x u
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Searching
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- To search:
ctrl-s
- To repeat search (find next...):
ctrl-s
- To search and replace:
meta-shift-5
or
meta-%
When you do a search and replace you will be prompted for
each match. Proper responses are:
- y - yes replace this match
- n - no do not replace this match
- ! - I am insane, replace all remaining matches
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Splitting The Screen
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- Horizontal split :
ctrl-x 2
- Vertical split:
ctrl-x 3
- Jump to the other window:
ctrl-x o
- Scroll the other window:
ctrl-meta-v
- Revert to single window:
ctrl-x 1
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Marking Regions
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- Marking allows you to select a region just as though
you highlighted it with the mouse. You can then perform
various operations on the region between
the mark and the current cursor position.
- Set Mark Here:
ctrl-space
- Mark Paragraph:
meta-h
- Mark Function:
ctrl-meta-h
- Mark Whole Buffer (Select All...):
ctrl-x h
- Cut region:
ctrl-w
- Copy region:
meta-w
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Emacs as an IDE
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- Fancy file headers:
meta-x make-header
- Version Control:
- Register a file for version control
C-x v i
- Commits a modified file that's already been registered
for version control
C-x v v
- Save the revision comment and commit the change
C-c C-c
- Revert a buffer to the last revision
C-x v u
- See differences between buffer and last revision
C-x v =
- Retreive a given revision in another window
C-x v ~
- Compile:
meta-x compile
- Next Compiler Error:
C-x `
(a backtick)
- Debug:
meta-x gdb
- Hex Editor:
meta-x hexel-mode
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Stupid Emacs Tricks
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- Spell checker:
meta-x ispell-buffer
- Execute any shell command:
meta-!
- Start a new shell within emacs:
meta-x shell
- Send and Read email:
meta-x rmail
- Send and Read news posts:
meta-x gnus
- Using ftp is as simple as reading in a file (ctrl-x
ctrl-f) and using a filename consisting of a username,
site, and file in the following syntax:
/(username)@(site):(file)
(e.g. /anonymous@ftp.cerias.purdue.edu:/pub)
Ange may then prompt you for a password. If the file
opened was a regular file, it will be sucked into a buffer
without copying it into your directory. You can also specify
directories as as in the above example. Ange then uses the
directory editor.
- Recover lost file after a crash:
meta-x recover-file
- Restore a buffer to its original contents:
meta-x revert-buffer
- Seek professional help:
meta-x doctor
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Links and Stuff
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